Amakuru

Kuma imyenda ku zuba bikekwa ko ari byiza, kandi biroroshye kandi bikora neza. Imyenda yumishijwe izuba ihumura neza, ariko hariho imyenda idakwiriye gukama. Isume yo kwiyuhagira ni urugero rumwe.

Ni ukubera iki igitambaro cyumishijwe kumurongo ukomeye kandi utoroshye nk'inyama z'inka? Ni ikibazo cyayobeje abahanga igihe kirekire, ariko itsinda ryabashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza ya Hokkaido mu Buyapani ryakemuye ibanga. Bavuga ko bamennye "urufunguzo rwo gukanika ikirere" kandi muribwo buryo bize ikintu gikomeye cyamazi.

Tuvuze kuri ibyo, imyenda myinshi idakozwe muri plastiki (usibye ubudodo nubwoya) bushingiye kubikoresho byibimera. Ipamba ni fibre yera yera ituruka ku mbuto z'igiti gito, mu gihe rayon, Modal, fibrin, acetate, n'imigano byose bikomoka ku mbaho ​​z'ibiti. Fibre y'ibihingwa ni ifumbire mvaruganda ifasha kugumya gukomera kwinkuta zingirabuzimafatizo, kandi fibre iranyerera cyane, niyo mpamvu dukoresha ipamba kugirango dukore igitambaro cyumva neza kuruta polyester. Molekules zamazi zifatira kuri selile hanyuma zikizirikaho binyuze munzira yitwa capillarity, ishobora no kwanga imbaraga rukurura amazi hejuru.

Kuberako amazi ari molekile ya polar, bivuze ko ifite umuriro mwiza kuruhande rumwe nubundi buryo bubi, amazi akururwa byoroshye. Iri tsinda rivuga ko imiterere ya fibre yambukiranya umuntu ku mwenda wumye mu kirere nk'igitambaro cy'ipamba mu byukuri “ihuza amazi”, cyangwa amazi akitwara mu buryo budasanzwe kuko abasha guhuza n'ikintu kiri hejuru yacyo gikora nka sandwich, bigatuma fibre yegerana. Ubushakashatsi buheruka kugaragara mu nomero iheruka y'Ikinyamakuru cya Chemistry Physical.

Itsinda ryakoze ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko guhuza amazi hejuru yudusimba twa pamba bitera ubwoko bwa "capillary adhesion" hagati ya fibre nto. Iyo iyo migozi ifatanye, ituma umwenda ukomera. Umushakashatsi wa kaminuza ya Hokkaido, Ken-Ichiro Murata, yavuze ko amazi ahujwe ubwayo agaragaza imiterere idasanzwe ya hydrogène, itandukanye n'amazi asanzwe.

Umushakashatsi Takako Igarashi yagize ati: “abantu batekereza ko bishobora kugabanya ubushyamirane buri hagati y’imyenda yoroshye ya fibre fibre, ariko, ubushakashatsi bwacu bwerekanye ko buzateza imbere ipamba ya pamba yo mu bwoko bwa pamba yo kwangirika gukomera, itanga icyerekezo gishya cyo gusobanukirwa n’ihame ry’imikorere yoroshya imyenda, idufasha guteza imbere imyiteguro myiza, amata n’imiterere y’imyenda.”